Credits:
3
This course introduces the student to the disciplines of pathology and entomology through an
examination of a variety of biotic and abiotic factors that impact on the health of forest
environments. Particular emphasis is placed on the identification, biology and ecology of
insects and fungi that are associated with tree species. Abiotic stresses related to temperature,
precipitation, soil conditions, etc. are examined in terms of their effect on physiological
processes and the recognition of manifested symptoms.